Telegraph system.



B. F. THOMPSON. TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

APPLICATION 11mm JAN. 17, 1911.

1,047,334 Patented Dec.17,1912.

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INVENTOR WITNESSES:

15. F. THOMPSON. TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

APPLICATION nun) JAN.17,1911 1 ,O47,8341 Patented Dec. 17,1912.

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W/f/VESSES B. F. THOMPSON. TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.17, 1911. 1,047,384, Patented Dec. 17, 1912 3 SHEETS'SHEET 3.

O3 O3 WITNESSES lNl/E'N TOR WM Mi M w ATTOR EYS.

BENJAMIN FRANK THOMPSON, OF ARLINGTON, MARYLAND.

TELEGRAPH SYSTEM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 17, 1911.

Patented Dec. 17, 1912. Serial No. 603,065.

; proved system of multiplex telegraphy.

One of the objects of the'invention 18 to provide a new and improved system of quadruplex telegrapliy which presents an' increased margin of operation over systems of this character as hitherto constructed.

Another object is to provide a system, wherein the use of neutral relays is eliminated. I

, Another object is to provide a system of the above character, wherein the use of currents of different potential are eliminated, the

system operating upon alternating or pulsating currents of a single potential.

Another ObJQC't is to provide a system wherein quadruplex telegraphy may be successfully applied to cable transmission.

Other objects will be in part obvious, and

. in part specifically set forth in the course of the specification.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein .-I have shown three forms of embodiments of ticula rly my invention: Figure 1. is a diagrannnatic view showing a system wherein the operating instrumentalities are connected in series with a telegraph line; Fig. 2 is a similar view wherein the operating instrumentalities are connected in bridge of the line; and Fig. 3 is a similar view showing a modified form of transmitting apparatus from that 'shown in the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2.

Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts. throughout the several views of the drawings. I

Referring now to the drawings, and parto. the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, A and I5, respectively denote terminal stations of a telegra ih vline, said line bei ng indicated at 1. The line is grounded at each' of-the terminal stations, and ineluded therein iii each station is a source of alternating. or pulsating current, said sources of current being indicated diagrammatically .at 2 and'3, respectively. These sourcesof alternating current may or may not be synchronized. Leading from the line 1 in station A are branch wires 4 and 5. 'i re 4 leads to a sender key, shown herein as an ordinary telegraph strap key (3, which cooperates with the contact 7 to close the operating current. Contact 7 is connected as by means of the wire 8 with one terminal of the rectifier 9. In the present instance, this rectifier is faced to permit the passage of the positive half ofthe alternating or pulsating current wave. As indicated in the drawings, the opposite terminal of the rectifier 9 is connected as by means of the wire 10 at the central or neutral point 11 of the windings 12 and 13 of the relay 14. Leading from the coil 12 of the relay 14 is a wire 15 which is a continuation of the branch 4 and which connects with the line tat 16. Leading from the coil 13 of the relay 14 is a wire 17 which connects at 18 with the wire 15) grounded at 20 through an artificial line 21. said artificial line being common in the art of multiplex telcgraphy. Located upon the legs and 2 of the relay 1% are other coils 2 t and 25. (oils 12 and 24 and coils 13 and Q5 constitute equal and parallel windings on the legs 22 and 23, respectively. Leading from one end of the coil 24 is a wireQti, which connects with the artificial line at 18 and leading from one end of the coil 25 a wire 27 which is connected with one terminal of the rectifier 28, the opposite terminal being connected with the branch wire 15 at 2. The rectifier 28 is faced to permit of the passage of the negative half waves of the alternating or pulsating current wave flowing over the line from the branch line 15. Relay 14 is provided with the armature 30, which in the present iiistance is a biased armature, the same normally resting against a stop asindicated at $31. Armature 30 is adapted to close a local circuit 32 by its engagement with the contact 3;), such local circuit including a source of current, shown herein as a battery 34, and the usual sounder mechanism 35. The ai' mature 30 is so biased that it will respond only to a current of a given polarity. To compensate for the internal resistance of the rectifier 28, it may be necessary to insert resistance in the wire 15 between the winding of the coil 12 and the point of connection 29, such resistance beingomitted from the present drawing in the interest of clearness of illustration. The branch wire 5 extends through strap' key 36, wire 37 and rectifier 38, the Same being faced to permit the sending of one or two messages from station B to the station A. when key 6 is actuated the relays 14, 44 and 44 will remain inactive, while the relay 14 is ope aited. When vthe message is sent by means of the key at.

' erated to permit passing of half wave currents of the same polarity and in equal po tential on the line. The effect of this will be that one half of the current impressed upon the line from the source'in station A will pass through the coil 13 to the artificial line 21', the other half being neutralized by the incoming current from the distant station. The current impressed upon the line by the source of supply in the station B by key 6' will divide, one half passing through the coil 13' to the artificial line 21, the

other half being neutralized by the incoming current from station A.

Thus the relay 14 will be actuated by the key (3, but said actuation will be in accordance with the particular telegraphic signal impressed upon the line from the key 6'. Likewise. the relay 14 will be actuated by the key 6 in accordance with the particular telegraphic signal impressed upon the line by the key (3. in other Words. the operator in each station will work his own relay, but said relay will be operated in accordance with the, particular telegraphic signal impressed upon the line by the operator in the distant station. It will be understood that the above conditions will exist only when the keys 6 and t are being operated to transmit th same telegraphic signal, and are held in engagement with their contact for an equal period of time. In the absence of these conditions, the manipulation of the keys in each station will of course operate the relay in the dis tant station in correspondence with that impulse. hen all four of the telegraphic sender keys 6 and ti, and 36 and 36' are op erated simultanw'iusly tour sent over the wire 1. t\- o in each direction.

l t l l l i l i'i'iessagcs will be Q i i of the bridge.

In this case the rectifier S will pass the positive half of the altcrnatin or pulsating current wave, and. the rectifier half. The rectifier 5) will positive half of the alternating or pulsating the negative half. This will r sult in the operation of all the relay in the manner which has just been (ltFfl'ilJPtl in onnection with the smmltanecuis gillz'llltlll of the laws 6 and 6'. in the msriree ot the opera ion 3. the negative take care ol' the l j is connected by wire 71 with the of the apparatus indicated at A and B" where such apparatus operated simultane ously. the manipulation of the key 6 will effect the operation of the relay l4, and the iminipulation of the key 36' will eilect the operation of the relay it. Likewise when the sender apparatus in stations A" and B are simultaneously operated. the relay of the apparatus 13" will be operated by the negatite halt waves impressed upon the line by the key 36 and the relay of the apparatus A will be operated by the positive half waves impressed upon the line by the key 6.

Referring now to the invention shown in Fig. 2, l have illustrated therein a system wherein the telegraphic receiving apparatus is connected in bridge. of the line. In this embodiment of my invention. as in the first described embodiment, the line 1 is grounded at both ends, and a source of alternating or pulsating current indicated at 2 and 3 is connected in the line at each end. These sources of alternating current supply may or may not be synchronized. but it is desirable that both shall supply currents of sul'istantially equal potential. In this 'embodimcm l have also indicated two terminal station at A and B. respectively with two sets of apparatus A and A" and t3 and B" in each station. Leading from one end of the line 1 are branch wires (it) and 61, the torn'ier of which is connected with the telegraphic sender key 62. which cooperates with the. contact 63, to close the circuit. Leading from contact 63 is a wire (34 connected with the terminal of the rectifier 15, so faced as to permit the passage of the negative half of the alternating or pulsating currentnvave by the key (32. Connected with the opposite terminal of the rectifier 65 is a wire 66 which leads to the connection 67 of the line 1. The wire 1 leads to the telegraph "key (37 which cooperates with contact (38 to close the circuit and connected with the contact 681 is a wire (it) which, in turn, is connected with I one terminal of the rectifier 70, so faced as to permit the passage of the positive half of the alternating or pulsating current thereover. The opposite terminal of the rectifier? point of con act 67' and with the line 1 The line 1 leads from the point 67' to two arms 72 and Suitable resistances as at 74 and 75 are provided in arms 72 and 73' respectively. said resistances being interposed to keep tliedialancc between the repe tive arms of the bridge. Arnr72 leads g through re istance 74 to similar resistances Wave, Whlle the rectltier 5% will take care of 73 in the opprsite end of the line, thence to the point of joimure of the arms 72 and 7,3

of thy bridge at T7 at the opposite terminal 7 tilt, the former of which is connected with embodiment of my My (52 m 11 unmeousl v to it the umwni; then thn'mszh Mug appwilmt just 110 05" the:

1W1 (4)81 mdi' PM WW1) the} keys h iheir sperstiv e 1 5 .aariod of H1716, fm? vilwn $5: J1 ez qgunent is unwguai hm he "a unfiing apparatus; at each Tim M: wzw

Mam Fmfiwn my 1 ptmding rgeiving Md in mg? 1; l mawng 11 ml the 130 w 21;; Lima: :i. and l #2 keys 62 i no PfinSLF, ti. fwrmsiy opermed four to those of stations A and B in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2. In this case, however, I have provided a modified form of transmitting apparatus in each of stations A and B, the same being the well known form of walking beam transmitting apparatus. The transmitter 99 is actuated by means of the magnet 100 uponhvhich is located a coil 101 of the local circuit 102, which includes a suitable source of current supply as battery 103, such apparatus being adapted to be closed by telegraph strap key 104. The transmitter 99 normally rests in engagement with the contact 105 from which leads wire 106. Wire 106 is grounded through a resistance 107 such resistance being equal to the resistance of the source of current. The object of this construction is to improve the balance ot the line. In other words, under this arrangement of the system, a better transmission of signals would obtain owing to the fact that a greater portion of; the op erating current would flow through the receiving apparatus at the respective terminals, and less through the artificial line to ground. The operation of this embodiment in so far as-the transmission of messages is concerned is identical to that as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be .rade without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. It is also to be-understood that the language used in the following claims is intended to. cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described and all statements of the scope of the invention, which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a system of the class described, the combination with a line, of a source of alternating current supply connected thereto at each terminal, two independent sets of trans mitting and receiving instruments connect ed in the line at each station, means combined with each set of transmitting and re ceiving instruments for discharging therethrough current waves of a single polarity,

a plurality of coils, each of which comprises a plurality of windings, rectifying means associated with one of the windings of each coil, there being a set of coils and associated rectifying means for each receiving instrument, said coils and associated rectifying means:- being adapted, when a transmitting instrument at one station is operated, to render both sets of receiving in struments at that station, and one receiving instrument at the distant station, neutral to the transmitting instrument operated.

2. In a system of the class described, the combination with a line, of a source of alternating current supply connected therein at each terminal, two sets of transmitting and receiving instruments connected in multiple series in the line at each terminal, means combined with each set of transmitting and receiving instruments for discharging theret-hrough current waves of a single polarity, a plurality of coils, each of which comprises a plurality of windings, an artificial line connected with one of said windings, rectifying means associated. with one of the windings of each coil, there being a set of coils and, associated rectifyin means for each receiving instrument, said coils and associated rectifying means being adapted, when a transmitting instrument at one station is operated, to render both sets of receiving instruments at that station, and one receiving instrument at the distant station, neutral to the transmitting instrument operated.

3. In a system of the class described, the combination with a line, of a source of alternating current supply connected therein at each terminal, two sets of transmitting and receiving instruments connected in the line at each terminal, means for causing current pulsations of opposite signs to flow through said sets of transmitting and receiving instruments at each terminal, a plurality of coils, each of which comprises a plurality of windings, rectifying means associated with one of the windings of each coil, there being a set of coils and associated rectifying means for each receiving instrument, said coils and associated rectifying means being adapted, when one transmitting instrument is operated, to render the receiving instrument associated with the transmitting instrument operated, and two other receiving instruments, neutral to said transmitting instrument operated.

1. In a system of the class described, the combination with a line, of a source of alternating current supply connected there in at each terminal, transmitting and receiving apparatus including a relay con: nected with the line at each terminal, means combined with each set of transmitting and receiving apparatus for discharging therethrough current waves of a single polarity, said relay having positioned thereon a plurality of coils, each of which comprises a plurality of windings, and rectifying means associated with one of the windings of each roil, there being a set of coils and associatcd rectifying means for each receiving instrument.

5. In a system of the class described, the combination with a line, of a source of alt-ernating current supply connected therein at f one-station is operated, to neutralize both each terminal, transmitting and receiving instruments connected with slime each I terminai, ineanscombined with each set of transmitting and receiving insti'un'ients fer discharging therethrougii current- WZLVQS of a single p iarity, a plurality of coils, each of which comprises a pair of independent windings, rectifying means associated with one of the vindings of said coils, there be ing a set of coils and associated rectifying means for each receivin instrument, said coils and asssciated rc-ctizying mefiii's being adapted when transmitting instrument at receiv ng instruments at one terminal and one of the receiving instruments .at the di:-

tant terminal, when either of the tfnsmite tin instruments at the first named terminal is operated.

In testin'icny whereof I have hereunto affixed m signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

BENJAMIN FRANK THOMPSON- i'Vifnesses:

W. LEONARD EMIOH, H. Ham-min Exxon. 

